Max and min solvent ternary diagram
CO 2 separation from H 2, N 2, CH 4 and SF 6 gases was performed to further support the effect of tuned PVDF membranes with different micro/nanostructured morphologies. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of PVDF showed the excellent durable separation performance of the prepared membranes with 92% of oil separation and the maximum flux of 395 L h −1 m −2 along with 120 min of long-term stability. The effect of binary interaction parameters on the morphology of the fabricated membranes and on their separation performance was tested using water/oil mixture and gas separation. The resulting morphology and properties were confirmed using the 3D optical profiler, SEM, FT-IR and XRD methods. The nonsolvent interactions with polymer solution resulted in the different forms and properties of a surface layer of fabricated membranes that affected the overall transport of solvent and nonsolvent molecules inside and outside the bulk of the fabricated membranes.
MAX AND MIN SOLVENT TERNARY DIAGRAM SKIN
skin layers and whole membrane structures as well, were obtained via an experimental method based on the obtained and computed ternary phase diagram. We report a simple approach for tailoring the morphology of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes fabricated using a nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method that sustains both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. E-mail: b Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic c State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China d University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China e University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic Friess* a a Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic. RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 40373-40383 Fabrication of a PVDF membrane with tailored morphology and properties via exploring and computing its ternary phase diagram for wastewater treatment and gas separation applications †